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Setting a cap at 20% allows for the integration of the industry while avoiding a proliferation of these business types so that the Town can better adapt to them and respond with any additional needed regulations over time. By law, the municipality has the authority to establish a cap, and the Town may increase or decrease the cap of Marijuana licenses accordingly (subject to limitations applicable to “Yes” communities, see above).
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A majority (59.98%) of Brookline residents voted “Yes” to Question 4 on the 2016 State election ballot to legalize adult-use Marijuana, making Brookline a “Yes” community. “No” communities are those in which the majority of residents voted “No” to Question 4.
A “Yes” community could not place certain controls on Marijuana Retailers (businesses that sell Marijuana directly to the consumer) unless those limitations were approved by BOTH Town Meeting AND via a Town-wide referendum.
In preparation of the State's July 1, 2018 deadline (when recreational marijuana could be legally sold to consumers), Town Boards, Committees, and Departments worked proactively to introduce a series of Warrant Articles to create a regulatory process for Marijuana Establishments. Warrant Articles 17 to 22 were approved at the May 2018 Annual Town Meeting.
The State regulations are extensive and complex, compiled in an 88-page document that governs various use types (grow, sell, etc.). State regulations do not give much local control over Marijuana Establishments, which is why the Town proposed the regulatory scheme included in Warrant Articles 17 to 22. To review current State regulations, please visit the links to the Enabling Legislation on Cannabis Control Commission site.
Find our local rules on our Marijuana Licensing Regulations page.
Feedback and recommendations from various public safety departments, including Police, Fire, and Health, were instrumental in informing all of the proposed warrant articles, which were vetted through the Select Board’s Licensing Review Committee. A combination of public meetings, hearings, surveys, and other tools were utilized to understand the pulse of the community when drafting regulatory proposals.
Table 4.07 of the Zoning By-Law indicates those business districts in which various Marijuana Establishments are permitted by Special Permit. Section 4.13 of the Zoning By-Law specifies other controls including minimum distance from K-12 schools, minimum distance from another Marijuana Retailer, whether the building contains a pre-existing daycare center, and maximum store size. Warrant Article 21 features an amendment to Section 8.37 of the General By-Law.
A licensing scheme allows the Select Board to issue licenses and review Marijuana Establishments on an annual basis similar to the way we do with alcohol establishments, like restaurants and package stores. This adds local control under the Select Board. A license may also be revoked or not renewed under certain conditions, and requires the Marijuana Establishment to appear before the Select Board on a yearly basis for license renewal.
Currently, the Town can issue four licenses for each type of Marijuana Retailer. Section 8.37 of the General By-Law establishes a cap equal to 20% of package store licenses issued (rounded up) for each of the following categories of Marijuana Retailers:
Note: The number of package store licenses is decided by the census and based on the Town’s population. This means the number of package store licenses can vary.
Because 60% of Brookline voters voted in a favor of Question 4 on the State election ballot, the warrant articles did not propose a ban on marijuana establishments. In addition, the law is gray about whether a community with an existing medical marijuana dispensary can ban its expansion into retail marijuana sales.
No, Section 8.38 of the General By-law clearly states “no person shall smoke, ingest, consume…Marijuana or Marijuana Products while in or upon any public street, sidewalk… playground…” and other locations. This is consistent with the State law and provides a local by-law enforcement mechanism.
No, Section 8.38 of the General By-Law bans the consumption of Marijuana in public places and cultivation of Marijuana and Hemp (which look the same) in public view. In addition, it restricts residential personal manufacture and extraction at home to non-solvent based extraction methods, since methods which use combustible materials can be dangerous. With these exceptions, the by-law is generally aimed to regulate businesses not residents.
Not with the Warrant Articles proposed and approved at the Annual May 2018 Town Meeting. The CCC has not yet begun licensing “Social Consumption” Marijuana Retailers (businesses selling marijuana for on-site consumption). In addition, under State law, a community must “opt-in” before the CCC will license Social Consumption establishments there, through a Town-wide referendum. The law details the procedures for this. The Town provides for this Use by Special Permit in anticipation of CCC's licensing of these establishments in order to have measures in place.
If an existing store is compliant with all the zoning regulations, undergoes a rigorous Site Plan Review process with the Police, Fire, Health, and Transportation Departments, is granted a Special Permit by the Board of Appeals, is issued a license from the Select Board and a license from the CCC, then Yes. However, State laws have certain restrictions. For example, alcohol and Marijuana cannot be sold together, Marijuana products must be separated from other non-Marijuana products and not accessible to those under the age of 21, among other rules.
Some retailers allow walk-ins and others may require an appointment. State regulations require retailers to check IDs at the door and use other measures, which the Town regulations and licenses have incorporated. Please check with individual retailers for details about their procedures.
State law requires that Marijuana facilities be secure, regardless of the type of use. For example, the Marijuana product must be kept separate from consumers, even from certain employees, in a secure location.
All Marijuana Establishments go through a two-step process with multiple opportunities for public comment.
The applicant cannot open for business without a Special Permit from the Zoning Board of Appeals, a license from the Select Board, and a license from the State.
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